Latin1 was the early default character set for encoding documents delivered via HTTP for MIME types beginning with /text . Today, only around only 1.1% of websites on the internet use the encoding, along with some older applications. However, it is still the most popular single-byte character encoding scheme in use today. A funny thing about Latin1 encoding is that it maps every byte from 0 to 255 to a valid character. This means that literally any sequence of bytes can be interpreted as a valid string. The main drawback is that it only supports characters from Western European languages. The same is not true for UTF8. Unlike Latin1, UTF8 supports a vastly broader range of characters from different languages and scripts. But as a consequence, not every byte sequence is valid. This fact is due to UTF8's added complexity, using multi-byte sequences for characters beyond the general ASCII range. This is also why you can't just throw any sequence of bytes at it and ex...
Euler's number, e, the constant 2.71828, is the base of the natural logarithms. Given n approaching infinity, Euler's number is the limit of:
\begin{align*}\displaystyle{\displaylines{(1 + 1/n)n}}\end{align*}It's used frequently abroad across the sciences. It can also be elegantly expressed as an infinite series, like so:
\begin{align*} {\displaystyle e=\sum \limits _{n=0}^{\infty }{\frac {1}{n!}}=1+{\frac {1}{1}}+{\frac {1}{1\cdot 2}}+{\frac {1}{1\cdot 2\cdot 3}}+\cdots .} \end{align*}Separately, the imaginary unit i, \({\displaystyle {\sqrt {-i}}}\), represents the imaginary solution to the quadratic equation, x2 + 1 = 0. The value can also be used to extend real numbers to complex numbers.
And π is pi, the irrational number we all know and love, roughly approximate to 3.14159, representing the ratio of the circle's circumference to its diameter.
While it isn't absolutely understood, we can join the three numbers in a seemingly bizarre proof that just works.
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